Can You Bowfish With A Compound Bow

NOISE AND VIBRATION ASSESSMENT

EVALUATION OF NOISE IN PREPARING A DOCUMENT OF RISK ASSESSMENT AND 'SOMETHING SERIOUS, THE D. LGS. N. 81/2008 PENALTY FOR THE EMPLOYER does not process the DVR UNDER CONDITIONS OF YOU ON SAFETY.

EMAIL: @ virgilio.it caso.gianfranco cell. 3405268303

What follows is' A brief summary of how it assesses the risk NOISE AND VIBRATION VIBRATION

Risk Assessment of vibration on construction sites



1. Abstract

The Leg n.187/05 "Implementation of Directive 2002/44/EC on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to risks arising from vibration," he predicted, article 4, that the employer will assess the levels of mechanical vibration to which workers are exposed.

The assessment must be documented in writing and the drafting of the evaluation document must be completed within the January 1, 2006, except in the case of family businesses or the total number of employees equal to or less than ten that are exempted from writing the document. In this last respect are obliged to report that the exemption from preparing a written document does not exempt the employer from the execution of the evaluation and dall'esplicitare, if required, the criteria that led to the results of this evaluation.

When the risk assessment show that for some workers the action values \u200b\u200bare exceeded (2.5 m/sec2 for hand-arm vibration and 0.5 m/sec2 for whole body vibration), it is necessary to develop and implement a program of technical and organizational measures to minimize exposure.

The criteria for the preparation of such a program are set out in art. 5 of the standard, in this paper we limit ourselves to pointing out that the program must be at least: the replacement of 07.07.2010 by producing equipment exceeding the threshold level of exposure (or drastic reduction of exposure time to within the limits), the provision of personal protection from vibration and clothing to protect workers from cold and damp, the maintenance program of the machinery, the action taken or to conduct training and information to workers. According to

prevailing views the requirement of drafting the program also applies to family businesses or employers with a workforce not exceeding ten.

vibration risk assessment is to determine the level of exposure, and this for each of the workers who make use of the equipment that produce vibrations affecting the hand-arm or whole body.

If this level is below the action levels (2.5 m/sec2 for hand-arm vibration and whole-body vibration for m/sec2 0.5) the rule is to be paid by employers, information and training whose contents are listed in Article 6 of the Decree n.187/2005.

Normally, the information and training take place during the courses provided by art. 22 of Legislative Decree 626/94 may be integrated, especially for information, using traditional methods already in use (distribution of information materials, machine cards, etc.)..

If the exposure lies between the level of action just defined and the level limit (5m/sec2 for hand-arm vibration and whole-body vibration for m/sec2 1.15), as well as the elaboration of the measures and organizational techniques that have been mentioned and the information and training of workers, the employer must submit the workers involved in health surveillance by the physician in charge which will provide the establishment and keeping of medical records and risk.


When, finally, the assessment reveal the exposure limit is exceeded and subject to the possibility of derogation under Article 9 of the rule is necessary to bring the exposure below the limit.

This rule allows an exception in case of equipment provided to employees dated earlier than July 6, 2007: in such case, the requirement to respect the limits shall run from July 6, 2010.

In the latter case, of course, the employer must at least comply with the provisions in the event of exceeding the action value with the warning that the measures prevention and protection to be implemented (and indicate in the program) will be implemented consistent with the needs and so that, in particular for what concerns the reduction of exposure time and the replacement of equipment.


2. The methods for assessment

Following the proven method for assessing exposure to risk and noise consistent with what is described in the "Guidelines for the assessment of risks from vibration at the workplace" developed by ISPESL, the logical path For the assessment of risk exposure vibrations can be summarized as follows:

1) Identifying workers at risk

2) for each worker exposed to identify the risk (or) the sources of exposure and the exposure time (daily or weekly but still representative of the period of greatest exposure in relation to actual work situations)

3) Identify (make and type) of individual machine or equipment used

4) In relation to equipment used to identify the level of exposure during use of the single machine and equipment

5) Determine the level of daily exposure normalized to the reference period of 8 hours.

2.1 Identification of workers at risk

course finding stems from knowledge of the duties performed by each worker, for this purpose can be instrumental in the analysis of the cards for homogeneous groups of workers in the manual "Understanding # 12 to prevent" Vol published by CPT II in Turin.

analysis of these cards, whose completeness and responsiveness to operational reality of the yards has been established (according to Art. 16 of Legislative Decree 494/96), even from the Standing Consultative Commission of the Ministry of Labour, workers are exposed to vibration espletanti tasks set out in Appendix 1 (column 2).


2.2. Identification time of exposure to risk

time vibration exposure depends, for each worker, from the actual working conditions.

Given that the determination of the exposure time is the responsibility of the assessor who, therefore, may deviate from the information provided below on the basis of special surveys, we provide the basic criteria to determine the exposure time in the absence of specific fieldwork.

For most tasks, the percentage of time spent on individual jobs that cause vibration is directly drawn from cards mentioned in the previous section and is shown, together with the equipment source vibration, Annex No. 1 (columns 3 and 5).

In the few cases where the exposure time to shake is not directly taken from the reading of the cards for homogeneous groups was conducted a specific campaign of fieldwork that has allowed the completion of the necessary information to all workers at risk .

Annex 1, where the exposure time to shake related to the use of a specific machine or equipment is not obtainable directly from the card to homogeneous groups, are the times of exposure to risk related to a single vibration the equipment that produces them. Obviously

time of actual exposure to harmful vibrations is less than that devoted to processing and that the effect of periods of idling or low load or for other reasons.

will be for the evaluator in relation to working methods adopted by individual company, assess the level of reduction of exposure to be made to the percentages specified in column 3 of Annex 1 (provided, for the only equipment of interest in the scheme calculation illustrated in paragraph 4 of this note). Typically the reduction given above takes into account the attenuation of vibration due to the use of personal protective equipment (vedi punto 3 della presente nota).

La percentuale del tempo di effettiva esposizione (ottenuto moltiplicando i valori di colonna 3 con quelli dei coefficienti di riduzione di cui sopra) potrà essere riportata nello schema di calcolo esemplificato al punto 4 della presente nota.



2.3. Individuazione delle singole macchine utilizzate che possano indurre vibrazioni sul sistema mano-braccio o sull’intero corpo.

E’ necessario a tal fine redigere un apposito elenco in cui sono riportate:

- categoria della macchina o attrezzatura (p. es. carrello sollevatore)
- marca (p.es. Fiat-OM)
- modello (p. es. E – 25 N)

Gli same data for each of the workers concerned will be included in the calculation scheme exemplified in section 4 of this note.

2.4. Specifying the level of vibrations on the human hand-arm or whole body from a single machine or equipment used.

E 'this undoubtedly the most delicate and complex of the entire assessment.

Obviously the safest method to identify and correct the level of vibrations on the human hand-arm or whole body from a single machine or equipment is used to carry out specific measurements in the actual conditions of use of equipment introduced to this end of the methodologies in ISO 5349-1 and ISO 2631-1.

E 'known as such measurements are complex and expensive, and for these reasons, the rules for inferring levels of vibration or from databases ISPESL, regions or CNR or directly from producers or suppliers.

2.4.1. Use of information provided by the manufacturer

With regard to the information provided by the manufacturer to recall that a CE equipment (usually the market after the entry into force of Decree 459/96), the manufacturer is required to indicate in the instructions for the use of hand-held "the mean square acceleration frequency faced by the members, if it exceeds 2.5 m/sec2 "and that if the acceleration does not exceed it must be mentioned, and likewise, with regard to equipment that induce whole body vibrations, the manufacturer is obliged to tell you when you exceed the action value of 0.5 m/sec2.

However it should be noted that very often and especially in cases where evidence from the manufacturer have been carried out under conditions different from those occurring in situ (typically follow rules of evidence other than those prescribed by ISO 5349-1 or ISO 2631-1) *, the figure provided by the manufacturer ("declared value" in the database ISPESL) is not immediately usable except correct it by following the methods set out in Tables 4.5 and 6 of "How to use the Vibration Database" ISPESL and equipment that lead to what hand-arm vibration.

As for whole-body vibration, manufacturers often do not declare the acceleration above the action value (0.5 m/sec2), but from the surveys on site and in some cases, there are values \u200b\u200bhigher than that value of action and, rarely, higher than the limit (1.15 m/sec2): in such cases the criteria for the corrections will be deducted by the assessor examining equipment of the type (and possibly the brand) in the bank ISPESL data.

If however, the manufacturer, instructions for use that must accompany the car, indicating the level of vibration in terms of use identical or very similar to those found in the yard, the readings can be taken without the above corrections or, for prudence, making minor corrections to take account of the machine age, maintenance status, etc..

· on Database ISPESL, once identified (type, make, model) the equipment you need, click on the model leads to the leaflet in which the standard of proof is shown.


2.4.2 Application of the ISPESL database

Given that the database is available at ISPESL www.ispesl.it (or directly from
home page by clicking "News" or by clicking on Documentation-Databases-Vibration Database) in its use you can find in front of different situations for each of which offer possible solutions. Case 1



to the target machine are available on the database of vibration levels in terms of use identical or similar to those found on site (detailed in the car under the words "highest measured value).

In this case will be assumed the data contained in the database. Case 2



For the machine in question are not directly available values \u200b\u200bin work on the database, the data are available back to values \u200b\u200bderived from laboratory tests conducted in
(detailed in the car under the words "declared value").
In such a case and save the programming of subsequent control measures in place will take them as an acceleration in the work, "declared value" correct according to what is stated in paragraph 2.4.1. Case 3



equipment for which no information is available on the database or by the manufacturer (not CE marked machines in general).

is assumed conservatively that baseline For the assessment of the worst equipment of the same type present in the database, where applicable, to reflect the obsolescence and maintenance level.

NB In order to integrate the data in the database are listed in Annex 2 ISPESL the results of field tests conducted by the Polytechnic of Turin and on a number of special equipment used on construction sites.


2.5 Determination of the level of exposure to the standard reference period of eight hours

This level is obtained by applying the formula:

A 8 = A (E) 1 / 2

Where: A is the level

vibration taken with the criteria referred to above.
E is the effective rate of exposure in 2.2.
If the worker is exposed to vibrations from more than one formula to use the equipment is as follows:

A8 = (A12 + A2 2 x E1 x E2 + ... ... ...) 1 / 2

Where A1, A2 ... ... and E1, E2 ... .. refer to a single source of vibration.


3 The use of personal protection.

In the case of vibration affecting the hand-arm vibration using gloves declared as such by the manufacturer can reduce (sometimes dramatically) the level of vibration felt by the worker especially as regards type machines trimmers, chain saws and grinders: in such cases and in the absence of indications from the manufacturers we can assume a reduction of vibration level equal to that shown in Table 7 of the "Learning about the Bank Vibration Data "ISPESL.

course, if you have the manufacturer's instructions, which will assume the level of attenuation specified by the manufacturer, which often reaches values \u200b\u200beven more interesting.

Less net (depending on the type of glove) the reductions are found for roto-hammers and drills, in many cases the use of gloves can be even contraindicated in such cases it is necessary to rely solely on what is indicated by the manufacturer.

Even more complex is the case in the case of the attenuation of the vibrations affecting the whole body: to assess the attenuation produced by any system (passive or, better still, active) you need specific information and definitely reliable.

4 Examples of assessment relating to specific cases

Example 1

Name of employee: ... ... ... ... ... ..
Type of project: Maintenance of open
Type: Maintenance Group
green uniform and officer trimmer motor
Machines used: Brushcutter Einhell Vip 52

Reference tab CPP 12 (see Annex 1)

machinery used (see All.1)
%
processing time (see All.1)
Coeff. Correction
(see paragraph. 2.2)%
time actually
E-Max Vibration
A m/sec2)
Card No 283

Brushcutter
Einhell Vip
52 0.70 0.50 0.35 4.3

Exposure Level A8 = 4.3 x (0.35) 1 / 2 = 2.54 m/sec2

The maximum value of vibration is taken from the Database ISPESL
or max value of the vibration was deduced from the data supplied by the manufacturer, plus secondo i criteri suggeriti nella “Guida all’utilizzo della Banca Dati Vibrazioni” dell’ISPESL.

Il coefficiente di correzione è stato dedotto da rilevazioni sul campo (e tiene conto dell’utilizzo di mezzi personali di protezione*)

* Inserire tale dizione solo nel caso in cui di faccia uso di DPI e indicare il tipo di DPI.

Il presente schema di calcolo, completato con le indicazioni di cui sopra, può costituire il documento di valutazione del rischio vibrazioni relativo al lavoratore interessato: la raccolta di tutti i documenti analoghi relativi ai lavoratori dell’impresa soggetti al rischio costituisce il documento di valutazione richiesto dalla norma.

Pentium Speed Comparison

RISK ASSESSMENT OF NOISE AND VIBRATION D.Lgs.81/2008


SI carry out risk assessments NOISE AND VIBRATION IN THE WORKPLACE, after specific inspections and surveys DONE WITH CLASS 1 sound level meter (Bruel & Kjaer) with mode 'requests in 'ANNEX XXXV OF Leg. 81/2008-

WITH ENTRY INTO FORCE OF THE CONSOLIDATED SAFETY EMPLOYERS SHOULD CONSIDER THE RISK NOISE AND VIBRATION IN THE WORKPLACE IN ACCORDANCE ' WITH THE RULES 'DOWN IN ARTICLES FROM No 187 No TO 205 of Legislative Decree no. 81/2008- In accordance with Annex XXXV, Part A.

heavy criminal and administrative penalties as are prescribed by new legislation on security-

Upon request, the persons concerned, sending Guidelines "Noise and Vibration" prepared from 'ISPESL, paid only expenses.

Request cost estimates in the email specifying the type of company and number of employees.
EMAIL caso.gianfranco @ tiscali.it
Cell 3405268303


wary of evaluations, photocopies, noise and vibrations, which are sold on-line at € 100.00 can cause serious economic damage, in case of verification of your company from pate in ASL or Labour Inspectorate, the evaluation of noise and vibration is a serious matter to be entrusted to competent persons.

What Is A Brazilion Waz

DVR/DUVRI- CRITERIA FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT-

Legislative Decree 81/2008, TU Safety, has made major changes to evaluation of business risks compared to the D. Lgs. 626/94.
has implemented the 'jurisprudence (see the latest judgments of the Supreme Supreme Court section. Criminal), according to the Supreme Court there is a conceptual distinction between risk assessment considered as "assets" and securitized in DVR (Criminal Cassation, section, August 3, 2005, No. 29,229: "Do not confuse the risk assessment of the specific document that formalizes "), the legislature of 2008 has explicitly covered the subject of Article 28 of Decree No. 81/2008, which in paragraph 2, provides that" the document referred to in Article 17, paragraph i, a letter ), drafted at the conclusion of the evaluation, must have a certain date and include:
a report on the assessment of any risks to safety and health at work activities, which specifies the criteria used for assessment;
an indication of the preventive and protective measures implemented and adopted protective equipment, following the assessment of Article 17, paragraph I, letter a);
the program measures it considers necessary to ensure the improvement of safety standards over time;
the identification of procedures for the implementation of the measures to be implemented and the roles of the organization that must ensure, to which must be allocated only persons in possession adequate skills and powers;
indication of the name of the person in charge of prevention and protection, the representative of the workers' safety o di quello territoriale e del medico competente che ha partecipato alla valutazione del rischio; individuazione delle mansioni che eventualmente espongono i lavoratori a rischi specifici che richiedono una riconosciuta capacità professionale, specifica esperienza, adeguata formazione e addestramento.
Dopo l'emanazione del Dlgs n.81/2008, due sono gli adempimenti nuovi ed importanti, costituenti il contenuto del Documento di valutazione dei rischi: l'elaborazione dell'"organigramma di sicurezza" e la "mappatura mansionale dei rischi specifici" (articolo 28, comma 2, lettere d) ed f).

Organigramma dati sicurezza.
E' una sezione documentale del Documento valutazione dei rischi con la quale si procede all'individuazione roles of the organization must ensure that the implementation (as a result of a codified) measures of prevention and protection. According to the provisions of the Consolidated Work Safety, said the roles of the organization should be assigned only to individuals with sufficient skills and powers.

mansionale Risk Mapping.
It 's a documentary section of the DVR which is employed to identify the tasks that may expose workers to specific risks that require a recognized professional competence, specific experience, adequate education and training. Plays a fundamental obligation to respect, placed in the hands employers and managers, to assign tasks to workers, taking into account the capabilities and conditions of the same in relation to their health and safety, and information and professional training in relation to the specific risks they face in relation to 'activity (Article 18, paragraph i, e); 36 and 37 of Decree No. 81/2008).

procurement so-called "internal" Article 26 of Decree No. 81/2008, Article 7 of confirmation Legislative Decree 626/94, with the requirement that the wording of this single risk assessment interference (DUVRI) is also mandatory if they can not be remedied, but only to minimize these risks, and that the selection of the subject Trustee of the work must be done through a system of classification of enterprises and self-employed. It was then sanctioned the cancellation of sub-contracts, procurement and administration of the private sector (excluding the administration of essential goods and services) without specific indication of the costs related to job security. For contracts, the deadline is December 31, 2008, if they are still in progress at that time (for those maturing earlier, the scheme of exemption). For the procurement of works, services and supplies were already implemented the provisions contained in Law No 123/2007 (Article 8). TU

The model reaffirms the partnership, collaborativo,nell'attività di valutazione dei rischi da parte dei soggetti del sistema di prevenzione e protezione aziendale (già contenuto all'articolo 4, comma 6 del Dlgs 626/94). L'attività di valutazione dei rischi deve riguardare tutte le tipologie di rischio professionale, ed ha come oggetto anche altre scelte rilevanti sul piano prevenzionistico e dell'organizzazione del lavoro( Stress psico fisico, lavoratori stranieri, donne in gravidanza). Il conferimento al documento di valutazione del requisito della certezza di data vale, ovviamente, non solo quale obbligo iniziale, bensì in occasione di ogni successivo aggiornamento documentale.

Attenzione, l'articolo 4, comma 2-bis del DL n. 97/2008, convertito n.129/2008 in the law provides for the postponement of the obligations in terms of risk assessment, from 1 January 2009.

What Is The Right Size For Drapes?

RSPP CONDOMINIUM DEVELOPMENT DUVRI - DVR

The 2001 2001 2009 come into force for all activities, the obligation to set the DVR and DUVRI if interference with other subjects.

DVRI Failure processing in accordance with Decree no. 82/2008 - TU-Security will lead to the Employer heavy penalties, including criminal law.
(For the building administrator as employer stop from 4 to 8 months or a fine from 5,000 to 15,000 €).

Book an appointment to assess their needs, we also evaluate assignments RSPP No macro-sector for the Ateco 3 - Construction - for the Province of Chieti-

email caso.gianfranco @ tiscali.it


EXPERIENCE - Bakery and Pastry
-
HOTEL - RESTAURANTS
- CONDOMINIUMS
- CLEANING COMPANIES
- Beach Resorts
- OFFICES

building managers and the Consolidated Occupational Safety

With the new Consolidated safety - Legislative Decree 81/2008, the responsibilities of the condominium are to be further enlarged compared with the guidelines contained in the old legislation (Legislative Decree 626/94).

In particular, the Decree No. 81/2008 (in Article 2, first paragraph), its applicability to all workers, excluding only the "assigned to home and family" and (the first paragraph of Article 3) to "all the private and public sectors and all types of risk."

The latter also is subject to additional responsibilities in giving effect to work overtime. For he shall promote cooperation and coordination among companies to whom they entrust the work (Article 3 of Law 123/07. The contractor (building) draw up (third paragraph of Article 26) a single document risk assessment would identify measures to eliminate or minimize the risks of interference.

The document must be attached to the contract or work and allegation of no-result in the nullity of the contract under Article 1418 of the Civil Code, contrary to the rules of interpretation.

The novelty of the Consolidated job security is the provision in respect of contracts entered into before August 25, 2007 (date of entry into force of Law 123 in 2007) and still in progress as at 31 December 2008 the obligation to attach the above document to the contract by December 31, 2008.


ASSESSMENT MADE INTERESTING INGA. GERARDO Porreca
- Prevention and Safety at Work - Official Labour Inspectorate
Question condominium administration

IS WHETHER IN THE CASE OF A BUILDING APPLIES D. LGS. 626/94 and art. 16 OF DPR 547/55 on the fixed scale. THE QUESTION ARISES FROM THE FACT THAT THE SHAREHOLDERS REJECT THE APPLICATION OF A RAIL ON THE CONDOMINIUM flights of stairs between two walls INCLUDING, WITHOUT THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE FIN. PLEASE NOTE THAT THE SCALE AND TRANSIT WORK EVEN cleaners, ANY CRAFTS FOR MAINTENANCE ETC. THE BUILDING IS A PLACE TO WORK?
----------------------------- ------------------- ooooooooooooo --------- This question is truly unique. The provisions contained in Decree 547/55, including in art. 16 mentioned the obligation to provide a handrail fixed into flights of stairs bounded by two walls, apply to employers' work and to protect employees or equivalent to it. So strictly speaking, a legal obligation to administer the condominium have handrails on the stairs, according to the above safety standards, would only exist if it had at least one employee (such as porter, gardener, etc. ..) In this case, the party responsible is identified and criminal penalties as administrator condominium.
In fact it would be applicable also art. 7 D. Legislative Decree No. 626/94 according to which the condominium administrator employer, in its role as developer and owner of the contract or contract work, is required to implement the measures prevention and protection required by the standards of occupational safety in cooperation with employers of businesses called upon to operate within its environment (in the case cited the company for cleaning or maintenance company, etc.).. On these occasions will essentially constitute a common responsibility between the employer of the contractor and the employer who commissioned the work within the company and therefore the effect of contributory negligence if the failure detention of any occurrence of industrial accidents.
If the administrator does not have the figure of condominium employer the obligation of implementing the security measures and prevention of injuries is the sole responsibility of the employer who uses the condominium which among other places, according to D. Legislative Decree No. 626/94, must be subject to a risk assessment made by the same employer in order to remove them before starting work.
It is however aware of the application by the Judicial Article. 7 D. Legislative Decree No. 626/94 also against clients, although not emphasized in the figure of these employers, the mere fact that he entrusted the work to firms in the presence of risks in their premises, so the advice that comes from is to formulate provide, however, to eliminate the shortage of safety concern.
But then at the end because resort to the safety standards at work to request the application of a general measure of safety to be applied in an environment of life and for the protection of each condominium and even third measure, due, among other things, as they say, any good "pater familiae? Source
Mr. Gerardo Porras

QUESTION
In a shipyard is scheduled to attend a company that will remove the beams and the existing tiles and then the owner will complete its work (in the economy through its staff) consisting of the installation of metal railings and finishing of the slab (slab, insulation, floor) with a speech
RESPONSE In the work reported
you configure your presence, but not contemporary, more organizations for which pursuant to paragraphs 3, 4 and 11 of Article. 90, D. Legislative Decree No. 81/2008 containing the Consolidated Text on health and safety at work, the client, the work is not subject to planning permission is not required to appoint the co-ordinator at the design stage but to designate any event, the first of custody work, the coordinator at run time which will ensure the preparation of the PSC to be sent to all businesses operating on site. Employers of contractors, and therefore in this case also the owners who assume the authority employers work with their staff in economy, will in turn, pursuant to art. 101 of the same D. Bye-law, prepare and send the POS to the coordinator at run time. Under
then the provisions of Art. 99 of the same instrument, also the developer in this case also has an obligation to carry out, before starting work, the prior notification and send it to local health and the local Labour Office competent for the territory.
It must also be remembered that as specifically indicated in art. 90 paragraph 9 letter c) of the same instrument, the customer also has the obligation, even if the work for which the complaint commenced activities implemented directly with its employees without the contract, to transmit to the competent authority, before the work is the subject of the complaint to commence business, the name of the contracting companies work together with the documentation provided by a) and b) of that paragraph 9 that the works do not require a permit to construct is consistent in
- certificate of registration with the Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Handicrafts-DURC self-possession of necessary qualification and professional Consolidated in Annex XVII of the collective agreement on self-applied employees. Mr. Gerardo Porras
source

read the other questions on the application of D. Legislative Decree No. 81/2008

People Who Suffered More Than Jesus

REQUEST CPI-Condo-Garage Fire Prevention Certificate

01.06.2009 ALL THE ACTIVITIES 'that have been awarded by the NOP VV.F must obtain the certificate of fire prevention, is the agreed-on guidelines for DM 12/29/2005 exceeding the speed of provisional clearance under Article. 7 DPR 12.01.1998, n. 37.

For questions and addresses the first application to the Interior Ministry issued a circular No
Prot P194/4101 sott.135 / A of 20.02.2006.
OF THE FIRE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC AID AND CIVIL DEFENCE DIRECTORATE FOR PREVENTION CENTER SAFETY AND FIRE PREVENTION AREA TECHNICAL

Via Cavour, 5-00184 ROMA TEL. N. 06/46529232 FAX. N. 06/47887525
Prot No P194 / 4101 subt. 135 / A Rome, February 20, 2006
LETTER - THE CIRCULAR
-G. REGIONAL DIRECTOR OF THE FIRE
THEIR SEATS TO
-G. PROVINCIAL MASTERS OF THE FIRE THEIR SEATS

SUBJECT: DM 29 December 2005 laying down guidelines for exceeding the speed of nothing precludes provisional
under Article. 7 of Presidential Decree 12.1.1998, n.37. - Clarifications and
first application addresses
.- By the Decree of the Minister of 29 December 2005, Official Gazette No
26, 1 February 2006 was implemented as stipulated in Article 7 of Decree 12 January 1998, n.37
on overcoming the system of provisional clearance of prevention set out in Article 2 of Law
December 7, 1984, No 818.
With the recent measures are in fact adopted the provisions of fire prevention
to be taken by holders of assets, in the annex to the decree of the Minister of Home
February 16, 1982, in cleared provisionally valid , for which
not been issued, the date of entry into force of this decree (June 1, 2006),
specific directives aimed at obtaining the certificate of adjustment
fire prevention.
Decree 29 December 2005 will enter a transitional phase
began over twenty years ago with the law 818/84 that was intended to remedy a previous situation of
irregularities due to both regulatory weaknesses that delay. To recover this situation was introduced
the legally binding instrument, notwithstanding that in law July 26, 1965, No 966 and by Presidential Decree of 29 July 1982
No 577, to allow you to reach the necessary level of security
time-definite and reasonable.
order to meet the objectives of the technical solutions were studied law applicable to the whole range of activities subject
, proportionate to the time application expected in a few months.
These solutions called "Guidelines on the most urgent and essential fire prevention,"
issued by Ministerial Decree of 8 March 1985, were all the measures of prevention and protection that allowed
, according to a detailed procedure involving first
the self-employed person to obtain a provisional clearance.
E 'should be noted that the measures most urgent and essential fire prevention
have been edited in a table associated with each activity subject to control a group of
fire prevention measures deemed appropriate for the particular case. These measures
have been identified, activities for activities, including those provided in a list of general measures (ventilation,
prohibitions and restrictions, limiting the fire load, safety distances, system
exit routes, fire behavior of structures, systems fixed firefighting, security lighting
emergency service in case of fire) promoting, in relation to the short period of adjustment granted
, measures of exercise and simple measures of active protection with respect to
passive protection measures.
Since 1985, subject to a variety of activities, provisions were adopted that plan
specific transitional rules also apply to bridge the
provisional clearance scheme (residential buildings, historic buildings used as museums and libraries, schools, hotels, places of public entertainment
, medical facilities, etc.).. You also need to show that for some tasks to the DM 08/03/1985
already provided full compliance with the laws in force
valid for obtaining the certificate of fire prevention (distributors of motor fuels;
deposits of mineral oil, production, storage and sale of explosives, production, storage,
use, sale of radioactive material, drilling platforms, pipelines).
On the basis of experience gained through the application DM 08/03/1985, which
presented many difficulties of implementation due to the rigidity of the system, and according to
account that the measure is aimed at very diverse activities, it appeared appropriate to establish rules
exceeded clearance Provisional
implemented according to the same criterion of the 1985 Order.
It is thought, therefore, more flexible and adaptable to various types of activities that can occur
each with different characteristics, adopt a system based on
assessment of the risk of fires and the consequent identification of suitable measures to reduce the risk
, borrowing la metodologia di indagine ed individuazione delle misure preventive e protettive
da provvedimenti relativamente recenti e collaudati quali i decreti ministeriali 10 marzo 1998 e 4
maggio 1998.
Al riguardo è opportuno evidenziare che l’applicazione di misure di protezione passiva, che
hanno un impatto rilevante sulle caratteristiche costruttive (resistenza al fuoco, compartimentazione,
ecc.), dovrà essere attentamente valutata e graduata sulla base di una accorta individuazione dei
pericoli di incendio correlati alle condizioni ambientali in modo da considerare gli effettivi rischi in
relazione agli obiettivi di sicurezza assunti. In definitiva la compensazione del rischio, effettuata
secondo il process briefly described and coded in Annex I to that DM 4.5.1998,
must take into account the fire load, ignition sources,
active protection measures, the crowding, the location and characteristics planovolumetriche ,
management measures, etc.. It can not however overlook that the adjustment relates to existing activities
which can not be fully applied the same criteria for new buildings
implementation. To this end, paragraph 2 of Article 2 of Decree refers, in addition to general criteria, including the criteria established by DM
10.3.1998.
For air heat and gaseous fuels for
garages, considering that the specific industry regulations, enacted after the decree
March 8, 1985, do not contain transitional provisions for exceeding the speed of clearance
provisional plans for a specific reference to these regulations, with appropriate details and exclusions
.
It should be noted, finally, that the directives of the Ministerial Decree 29 December 2005, referring to activities in
cleared provisionally valid, apply, of course, the activities
existing at 10 December 1984, the date of entry into force of Law 818/84.
DEPUTY HEAD DEPUTY INSPECTOR GENERAL CHAPTER

(Mazzini)


Il sottoscritto, iscritto presso l'elenco del Ministero dell'Interno, esegue lavori di richiesta dei Certificati di Prevenzione incendi per tutte le attività interessate a tale procedimento, in particolare specializzato per pratiche CONDOMINIALI dal 1984.

Per richiesta di informazioni inviate email : caso.gianfranco@virgilio.it

o chiamare il cell. 3405268303

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Letter Calamandrei Piero (1950)

" Let us assume, so theoretically, there is a ruling party, a ruling party, which, however, formally wants to respect the constitution, not want to violate the substance. Does not want to march on Rome and transform the classroom into a space for presentation; but wants to establish, without opinion, a disguised dictatorship. So, what to do to gain control of schools and to transform schools into state schools of the party? He realizes that the schools have been the defect of being impartial. There is some resistance; in those schools is always there, even under fascism has been there. Then, the dominant party follows another path (it's all a theoretical hypothesis, mind you). He begins to neglect the public schools, to discredit, to impoverish. Let it anemizzino and begins to favor private schools. Not all private schools. The schools of his party, that party. And then all these treatments are beginning to go to private schools. Cure of money and privileges. He even begins to advise the boys to go to these schools, because basically it says are better than those of the state. And perhaps we give prizes to those citizens who are willing to send their children to public schools rather than private schools. A "those" private schools. So the private school becomes a privileged school. The ruling party, unable to openly turn state schools into party schools, send the dogs to schools to give priority to the state's private schools. Warning, this is the recipe. We must keep an eye on the cooks in this slow cooking. The operation is done in three ways, as I have already said, ruining the schools of the state. Let go to hell. Depleting their budgets. Ignore their needs. Mitigate the supervision and control over private schools. Do not check its reliability. Let the teachers teach you that do not have the minimum qualifications to teach. Let the examinations are jokes. Giving public money to private schools. This is the point. Giving public money to private schools "

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The Italian Constitution for everyone!

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THE ITALIAN CONSTITUTION

RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF CITIZENS inviolable

THE REPUBLIC REMOVING OBSTACLES TO ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ORDER TO PREVENT (Article 3)

1) WORK TO INSURE ALL CITIZENS PAID IN ORDER TO ENSURE THEIR AND HIS FAMILY A free and dignified existence.
2) EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES ' ORDER' IS INSURED EVEN THE PEOPLE poor ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL.
3) equal dignity ' before the law.
4) PROMOTION AND RECOGNITION OF THE COMPANY AS FAMILY 'NATURAL BASED ON MARRIAGE.
5) FAMILY the right and duty to educate and train their children even if born out of wedlock RECEIVE AND ECONOMIC MEASURES FOR THEIR DEVELOPMENT AND OTHER OFFICERS.
6) THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION AND HEALTH CARE.
7) FREEDOM ' to private economic NOT CONFLICT WITH UTILITIES' SOCIAL WITH THE FREEDOM 'AND DIGNITY' HUMAN.
8) FORMATION OF SAVINGS (Not to be taxed before its formation, ON. CYCO Constituent Assembly May 23, 1947).
9) THE DUTY OF ALL (including foreigners) TO CONTRIBUTE TO PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON ACCOUNT OF ITS CAPACITY 'contributions. ALL TAXES, AS A WHOLE, fulfill the criteria of progressive '(Article 53).

THIS ARTICLE IS NOT BEEN RECENTLY INTRODUCED TO PREVENT
REMOVING OBSTACLES defined in art. 3 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF PRODUCING
200 billion of tax evasion.
THE CURRENT METHOD OF CALCULATING THE CAPACITY 'privileges CONTRIBUTIONS INCOME HYPOTHETICAL RETURNS FROM INDEPENDENT SECTOR STUDIES (Inductive system)

SEE WHY '

THE CURRENT SYSTEM OF TAXATION ON PROPERTY CONSUMPTION AND INCOME BENEFIT ON MEDIUM-HIGH. SINCE THE VAT RATE ONLY APPLIES TO THE INCOME IN REVERSE AND PROGRESSIVE according to art. 53 of the Constitution (Constitutional Assembly CYCO On May 23, 1947)

EXAMPLE

a person consumes 2,400 EURO A YEAR IN FUEL AS 'DIVIDED (960 EURO FOR GASOLINE AND CHARGES 1440). taxes on an income of € 14,400 representing 10% while another person with the same fuel consumption with an income of € 28,800 representing 5%.
CIO 'SHOWS HOW THE AVERAGE LOW INCOME WITH THIS METHOD OF UNCONSTITUTIONAL TAXES ARE SERIOUSLY DAMAGED. (Mr CYCO Constituent Assembly May 23, 1947).
THIS EXAMPLE IS FOR ALL PURCHASES ARE THEY GOOD OR SERVICE.
HAVE FOR THE GRADUATION 'CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO PURSUE ALL CHARGES FOR CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS DESCRIBED ABOVE SHOULD BE INFERRED FROM GROSS INCOME, WITHIN CALCULATION OF INCOME GLOBAL, ALL COSTS INCURRED RELATED DOCUMENTS AND DOCUMENTS FROM TAX AND BE TAXED, SO ', with the progressive' MORE 'PROGRESSIVE possible so that it becomes backbone of our tax system. COSI 'we obtain
1) THE EQUITABLE REAL' TAX. 2) STATEMENTS OF INCOME BY INCOME AND EXPENSES BECAUSE REAL ' THEY WILL BE WRITTEN IN THE STATEMENTS OF WHO IS IN THOSE WHO SELL BUY. 3) THE RULE OF LAW OF THE PERSON NO LONGER 'SUBJECT TO BLACKMAIL both economically and politically.
4) THE EMERGENCE OF ALL TAX EVASION only condition to reduce the tax burden and make responsible citizens And confidence in the tax and political class.

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EXAMPLE OF GRADUATION '

(CLICK ON THE EXAMPLE TO ENLARGE)

HOW CAN WE SEE THE TOTAL REMAINS UNCHANGED
tax revenue but applying ... ... ....
PROGRESSIVITA'COSTITUZIONALE THE WHOLE INCOME INCREASED PUBLIC SPENDING TO JOIN WITH A MAJOR CONTRIBUTION TO EURO 150,
WHILE THE LOWER PART OF INCOME WITH A MINOR CONTRIBUTION TO EURO 150
AND WE HAVE OBSERVED ... ... ... ....
the constitutional principle of PROGRESSIVITA'DELL'IMPOSIZIONE

To ensure that these
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW SHOULD KNOW THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF INDIRECT TAXES PAID DURING THE YEAR (VAT AND OTHER TAXES) AND MUST BE CITIZENS ARE IN POSSESSION OF ALL These amounts include evidence of (+ TAX COSTS).
the presence of such documents when your tax return PERMETTERA'IL RECOVERY tax evasion affirmation of the constitutional principle of "ability to pay and PROGRESSIVITA'DEL THE TAX SYSTEM AS A WHOLE" (Mr CYCO SALVATORE them and Meucci RUINI-Constituent Assembly May 23, 1947 -)
SAY ', as he said
NB. SALVATORE CYCO:
REDUCE, WITHIN THE CALCULATION OF TOTAL PERSONAL INCOME OBTAINED OTHERWISE, THE CHARGES PROPORTIONAL (TODAY VAT and others), in order to correct the grave injustice they cause AGAINST low average income.

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the principles of Article 53 and the current system

1) = Taxable Income CAPACITA'CONTRIBUTIVA

2) PROGRESSIVITA'DEL TAX SYSTEM AS A WHOLE =
every tax (VAT / income tax / AND OTHER FEES) MUST MEET THE CRITERIA OF
PROGRESSIVITA'RISPETTO
TAXABLE INCOME (ie ': PIU'E'ALTO the highest return' IT 'TAXED - MORE' AND 'THE LOW INCOME AND IT FAILED' TAXED)

This exemplifies are the exact opposite of the current system THAT TAX CHARGE MORE 'THE LOW INCOME AND LESS THAN
SEE HOW HIGH: The
TAXPAYERS ARE DIVIDED INTO TWO CATEGORIES
1) EMPLOYEES AND BOARD (FIXED INCOME)
2) SELF-EMPLOYED (hypothetical income or lump)

I FIXED INCOME, AND SOME REAL OR BOARD CERTIFIED BY Payroll,
ARE TAXED TO 100%
The hypothetical income, not real and not,
ARE TAXED ON THE BASIS OF STATISTICS AND CALCULATED ALWAYS BELOW THOSE THAT ARE TRUE OF PRESUMED
40% / 60%
THIS E'DIMOSTRATO tax return from the table, published annually by competent officers
Appearing ACROSS AND TALK /

SHOW AS UNCONSTITUTIONAL turn this crisis?
Just think:
1) AMOUNTS OF OUR INCOME IS TO BE FORMED IN EXACT WITH THE COSTS TO ALL OF U.S., daily, weekly and monthly
DO IS
L 'COMPANIES ARE THE INCOME OF THEIR EMPLOYEES WITH THE MONEY AMOUNTS OF COSTS MADE BY THEIR CUSTOMERS
for business owners to form their INCOME WITH THE MONEY OF THE COSTS OF THEIR CUSTOMERS THAT
IN BRIEF:
EXPENSES MADE BY ALL CITIZENS ARE
THE INCOME OF ALL CITIZENS

CAPACITY ' TAXABLE INCOME OR CONTRIBUTIONS CONSTITUTIONAL
E'DATA / or from simple arithmetic:
"SUM OF ALL INCOME IN ANY CASE

ACHIEVED UNLESS ALL COSTS INCURRED OTHERWISE EQUAL

CAPACITA'CONTRIBUTIVA TAXABLE INCOME OR "
AMOUNT RECEIVED MUST BE APPLIED IN STEPS OF INCOME progressive tax rates, WHETHER THEY STEPPED, THOSE THAT DO NOT REPRESENTING
CONFISCATION OF WEALTH

IN THIS WAY WE GOT OUR FATHERS WANTED CIO'CHE CONSTITUENTS:
1) by reducing the indirect taxes (VAT and other taxes PROPORTIONAL)
2) IN ORDER TO ENHANCE THE PERSONAL TAX PROGRESSIVITA'AL TAX SYSTEM AS A WHOLE IN
' CONSTITUTIONAL EXAMPLE WE HAVE REPORTED ALL TAXES PAID DAILY WITHIN THE ANNUAL STATEMENT OF INCOME

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TAX The minutes of the Constituent Assembly

Constituent Assembly in plenary

Friday May 23, 1947

Ruini, President of the Committee on the Constitution: It remains to examine the four Articles relating to tax matters: The honorable Louis Meda, Malvestiti, Fanfani, Bazzano, presented the following additional item:

"the direct taxes will be applied as a matter of progression."

Honourable Castelli, Vanoni, Marazzi, Firrao, Tremasco, Franceschini, Barduzzi Bertola and presented the following amendment:

"all those involved in economic, social or political status are required to pay taxes in proportion to their actual ability to pay , subject to the exemptions and privileges provided by law ".

Mr Castles has the power to do it.

CASTELLI: Ladies and gentlemen, the additional part formulas as they are presented can be transformed into one that is to contemplate the whole. The new wording, which I also agreed with the agreement of fully equipped ladies Scoca, Meda Louis Grieco and Laconi, is as follows:

"Everyone shall contribute to public expenditure because of their ability to pay."

"The tax system is based on criteria of progressivity."

TERRACINI: Mr Scoca entitled to carry out its additional item that is as follows:

"Subject to the exclusions and tax cuts aimed at ensuring the availability of the minimum necessary to meet the minimum essential part of life, everyone needs to contribute to public expenditure so that the total tax burden imposed on each result to the policy of progressive informed. "

SCOCA: Il nostro sistema tributario, quello dello Statuto Albertino, è ancora informato al criterio della proporzionalità. Infatti la massima parte del gettito dell'imposta è a base oggettiva o reale e ad aliquota costante, mentre comparativamente assai scarso è il gettito della complementare sul reddito globale che è a base personale e ad aliquota progressiva. Se poi consideriamo che più dei tributi diretti rendono quelli indiretti e questi attuano una progressione al rovescio, in quanto essendo stabiliti prevalentemente sui consumi, gravano maggiormente sulle classi meno abbienti, si vede come in effetti la distribuzione del carico tributario avvenga non già in senso progressivo e neppure in misura proporzionale, but regressive in effect. That is a serious social injustice that must be eliminated, with a thoughtful and serious tax reform.

The rule of progressive and therefore must be actually acting the part of all public expenditure must be made so that the overall tax burden borne by each informative results on the criterion of progressiveness.

This means that the progression applied to taxes on worldwide income or on capital period must be such as to correct inequities resulting Dagi other taxes, particularly those on consumption.

There is no denying that the city, before being called to corrispondere una quota parte della sua ricchezza allo stato, per la soddisfazione dei bisogni pubblici, deve soddisfare i isogni elementari di vita suoi propri e di coloro ai quali, per obbligo morale e giuridico, deve provvedere.

Da ciò discende la necessità della esclusione dei redditi minimi dalla imposizione; minimi che lo stato ha interesse a tenere sufficientemente elevati. Da ciò discende pure che debba essere tenuto in opportuna considerazione i caruchi di famiglia del contribuente. Sono, questi, aspetti caratteristici di quella capacità contributiva che la formulazione concordata nell'articoloo aggiuntivo pone a base della imposizione. Se esaminiamo la nostra legislazione, vediamo che, accanto alle leggi normal tax, have entered too many exceptions, too many strange rules, which create differences in treatment between classes of citizens and other classes, and between different localities in the area of \u200b\u200bthe state and make it difficult for your own knowledge of the matter.

Ruini, President of the Committee: The proposal of Hon. Scoca is wide and ingenious, and in its broad expertise, wanted to invoke the policy of progressive, but took into account that can not be applied, as we have seen, all Songolo taxes, and to use the formula that the total charge of taxes charged on every citizen to be progressive.

exact criterion, and essentially equivalent to another, upon which the proposers and the Commission agreed, that all of the tax system is progressive informed.

CORBIN: We have a tax system that is set on two types of taxes: taxes tax real and personal. If we want itrodurre in the principle of progressive tax system, we must get to the suppression of this dual system of taxation, and use the unique system of taxation that exists in other countries.

CYCO: Mr. President, I asked to speak very briefly to reply to the said Hon. Corbino. It seems to me that he has acceded to vote additional article, which was agreed form with the Commission. But has some concern about a radical reform of our tax system.

Corbin: I do not have these concerns.

CYCO: The Hon. Corbino said that if we want to implement a progressive move towards the single tax. I would say that it is not necessary for this to apply the principle of progressivity, as well as we have understood and as Hon President of the Commission has shown.

Just flip the current situation of the relationship between real and personal taxes. We can keep the real direct taxes (and you must maintain at least as necessary to determine the tax basis of personal affecting the income of the city) and determine the actual taxable in their consistency. If we do what we can strengthen the progressive tax on worldwide income and become the backbone of the tax system.

By easing the tax burden proportional affect separately the various kinds of income, we will have room to hit a unit and gradually the total income.

TERRACINI: I shall now put the text of the amendment signed by Mr Luigi Meda, Scoca and others accepted by the President of the Commission.

"Everyone shall to contribute to public expenditure because of their ability to pay. "

" The tax system is based on criteria of progressivity .

E 'approved.

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Course of the Constitution in schools

Constituent Assembly
meeting on 11 December 1947
PRESIDENT: Umberto Terracini

President: The Honourable Moro, Franceschini, Ferrarese and Sartor presented the following order of the day:

"The Constituent Assembly expresses the hope that the new Constitution are immediately suitable place in the context of school teaching all levels, in order to make the young generation aware of the moral and social gains achieved that now form the sacred heritage Italian people. "

I think this is the most appropriate venue to rate this agenda.

(E 'approved unanimously - Live, general applause)

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CONDOMINIUM ACT-ON SAFETY D. LGS. N. 81 OF THE MINISTERIAL 07/04/2008 09/04/2008

E' STATO PUBBLICATO SULLA GAZZETTA UFFICIALE DEL 30 Aprile 2008 IL NUOVO TESTO UNICO SULLA SICUREZZA.
D.Lgs. n. 81 del 9 aprile 2008 -(G.U. s.o. n. 101 del 30/04/2008)

per visionare il testo consultare il link :
http://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/guridb/dispatcher?service=1&datagu=2008-04-30&task=dettaglio&numgu=101&redaz=008G0104&tmstp=1209581161939


REQUEST VIA EMAIL caso.gianfranco @ tiscali.it a cost estimate to develop a serious plan of the risks to their business, avoid penalties and legal fees after an inspection visit.

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-. ON TAX DEDUCTION OF 55% - FINANCIAL 2008 - APPENDIX F-FRAMES / HEAT PUMPS

I CONCERNED MINISTRIES HAVE FINALLY PUT UP THE NEW DECREE THAT IS LIGHT ON NEW PROCEDURES TO BE ELIGIBLE FOR TAX DEDUCTION OF 55% FOR RENOVATION WORK OF ENERGY - FINANCIAL 2008 - FRAMES. HEAT PUMPS-ANNEX F - (24/04/2008 OFFICIAL JOURNAL No. 97)

IN ORDER to find the new attachment called "Annex F "
BE USED FOR SOLAR PANELS AND FRAMES.

NEW PROCEDURES FOR SUBMISSION OF CERTIFICATES ENEA

NEW CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES FOR HEAT PUMPS

boilers, NOT ALL, HAVE THE TAX DEDUCTION OF 55%

GET A COPY OF THE NEW DM VIA email : caso.gianfranco @ tiscali.it

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MINISTERIAL 11/03/2008- OJ n.66 of 18/03/2008

PUBLISHED ON MINISTERIAL ORDER ESTABLISHING NEW LIMITS OF TRANSMISSION VALUES TO BE ENTITLED TO DEDUCT TAX OF 55% FOR WORK energy improvement for the period 2008 - 2010.
- HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL WALLS
- FRAMES
- CONDENSING BOILERS AND BIOMASS TO THE 2009

SEE THE LINKS: http://www.edilportale.com/
http://www.uncsaal.it/ Private / privato.HTM

NEW transmittance values \u200b\u200bin 2009

climate zone covers windows in vertical walls
-------------------- 4.6 --- 0.62 ------- 0.38 --------- --------------------
B 3.0 --- 0.48 ------- 0.38 --------- --------------------
C 2.6 --- 0.40 ------- 0.38 --------- D --------------------
2.4 --- 0.36 ------- 0.32 ---------
E ----------------------- ------- 2.2 --------- 0.30 0.34
F 2.0 ----------------------- ------- --------- 0.29 0.33

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RISK ASSESSMENT ON THE JOB REQUIREMENT

RISK ANALYSIS ON THE JOB -
- D. LGS. No No. 81, 09/04/2008 101

The Council of Ministers on 06.03.2008 discussed and approved a legislative decree that implements the authority delegated to the Government by the Law of 3 August 2007, no 123, relating to health and safety. The draft, after the examination of the parliamentary committees and the State-Regions Conference, will return to the Council of Ministers for final approval. The draft legislative decree approved by the Council Ministers, provides stiff penalties and new requirements for businesses, in particular, provides for the arrest (in some cases can be transformed into a fine) if no risk assessment for businesses that are in a dangerous . Although the appearance of new sanctions are important, one can not help but point out some limitations of the new standard most likely to reduce the scope of this legislation, limiting it to only effect that the media will most likely not a long life time. All this is for the following reasons: first, because the tightening of sanctions, in the absence of adequate control activities sul territorio, avrà effetti assai limitati , soprattuttoi, ovvero più che altro repressivi nei confronti dei pochi "sfortunati" che incapperanno nelle sanzioni;- in secondo luogo perché il decreto sanziona la mancanza di analisi dei rischi, senza tenere in conto la bontà tecnica della suddetta analisi dei rischi, che è una complessa attività progettuale ; l'esperienza, insegna che il problema sta proprio nella efficacia del suddetto documento, alcuni piani anche se presenti in azienda sono ben poco rispondente ai requisiti generali del comune buon senso tecnico.

Al fine di predisporre un piano di VALUTAZIONE DEL RISCHIO SERIO, nella propria azienda, metto a disposizione la mia esperienza Professional.
- CONDOMINIUM
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CHEMICAL COMPANY - YARDS
-
CHEMICAL LABORATORIES - FOOD PROCESSING COMPANIES
- FARMS

Request an estimate or a possible meeting, sending an email to
- caso.gianfranco @ tiscali.it


useful links for property administrators AND MORE


TO READ ON THE REQUIREMENTS DERIVENTI D. LGS . 626/1994 and Legislative Decree No. 81 of 09/04/2008-GU s.o. n.101 30/04/2008


VAI AL SEGUENTE LINK : http://www.electroportal.net/vis_resource.php?section=RP&id=158#p6

PER PRENDERE VISIONE SUGLI OBBLIGHI DERIVANTI DAL D.LGS 494/1996 VAI AL SEGUENTE LINK: http://www.electroportal.net/vis_resource.php?section=RP&id=158#p9

PER PRENDERE VISIONE SULLE SANZION I VAI AL SEGUENTE LINK: http://www.electroportal.net/vis_resource.php?section=RP&id=158#p68

PER AVERE ULTERIORI INFORMAZIONI VISITA LE PAGINE DEI NOSTRI SPONSOR

TEXT OF THE DECREE APPROVED BY THE CDM 01.04.2008
D. LGS. 09/04/2008 No 81 (GUSON 101, 30/04/2008)


http://www.edilportale.com/EdilNorme/popup.asp?IDDOC=10441

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Energy Certification FOR BUYING AND SELLING

In effect the requirement of certification of buildings, without the act is void.



E 'entry into force of the obligation certificazione energetica . Il decreto legislativo n. 311 del 29 dicembre 2006 , pubblicato sulla Gazzetta Ufficiale n. 26 del 1° febbraio 2007 ed entrato in vigore il 2 febbraio 2007 , stabilisce che a partire dal 1° luglio 2007 gli edifici esistenti, superiori a 1000 metri quadrati , che devono essere immessi nel mercato immobiliare, devono essere muniti di certificazione energetica .

DA SUBITO per le costruzioni che hanno avuto il permesso a costruire o DIA rilasciato dopo l' 08/10/2005

Dal 1° luglio 2008 è esteso l'obbligo anche per gli edifici sotto i 1000 metri quadrati, nel caso di compravendita dell’intero immobile.

Dal 1° luglio 2009 il certificato di efficienza energetica sarà obbligatorio anche per la compravendita dei singoli appartamenti.

L'attestato di certificazione energetica è sostituito dall’attestato di qualificazione energetica, che deve essere redatto dal direttore dei lavori e presentato al Comune di competenza contestualmente alla dichiarazione di fine lavori senza oneri aggiuntivi per il committente.

From 1 January 2007, the building energy performance certificate is required to access tax concessions or grants aimed at improving the energy performance of buildings or facilities.

From 1 July 2007, all contracts, new or renewed in the management of heating systems or air conditioning of public buildings must provide for the provision of energy performance certificates of the building or building unit concerned within the first six months of expiry of contract, with a predisposition and exposure to the public of the plate efficiency.

Annexes A, C, E, F, G, H, I and the Legislative Decree 192/2005 is replaced as Annex D (on the integration of solar thermal and photovoltaic systems in roofs of buildings) is repealed. These annexes
modify the technical requirements, change the values \u200b\u200bof primary energy demand for winter heating limit and the volume ratio limits were made more restrictive.
are brought forward to 1 January 2008 levels of insulation currently set for January 1, 2009. It also introduced from 1 January 2010, a level of isolation that can ensure the reduction of thermal needs of the new buildings by 20-25%.

For all new buildings becomes mandatory the use of renewable sources (Solar thermal or geothermal energy) for the production of at least 50% of domestic hot water and photovoltaic systems.

facilitate the use of high efficiency boilers in colder climates, which will replace the old heating systems. For new buildings and renovations in the case of usable floor area exceeding 1000 square meters, will be required to install screening systems outside in order to reduce energy consumption for air conditioning. For regions
introduced the obligation to consider between the instruments of urban planning and expertise, the solutions you need to use energy efficiency and use of renewable sources, with information in order to shape and orientation of buildings to be implemented to maximize the exploitation of solar radiation.

Finally, by December 31, 2008 the regions and autonomous provinces, according to local authorities, will prepare a program qualifying energy of real estate assets, aiming to achieve optimal results for energy efficiency.

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CONTROL RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION OF FOOD AND LIQUID ENERGY-CONTROL CERTIFICATION

OCCUR WITH ANY SPECIAL EQUIPMENT CONTAMINATION OF FOOD AND LANDFILL SITES SUBJECT TO ABUSE.

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RICHIEDETE TRAMITE EMAIL PREVENTIVI DI SPESA : caso.gianfranco@virgilio.it

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RICHIEDI UNA CONSULENZA SULLA DETRAZIONE FISCALE DEL 55%

CONSULENZE TECNICHE PER LA CERTIFICAZIONE ENERGETICA PER AVERE DIRITTO ALLA DETRAZIONE FISCALE 55%



IL COSTO DI UNA CERTIFICAZIONE ENERGETICA DI UN IMMOBILE VARIA DA € 400


LINK PER CALCOLO VELOCE DI RESISTENZA TERMICA
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Ministerial Decree 19 February 2007 "Provisions relating to deductions for the costs of upgrading the energy efficiency of existing buildings, according to Article 1, paragraph 349, of Law December 27, 2006, No 296 "provides for the deduction of the gross for a share of 55% of the costs incurred for the work: • energy upgrading existing buildings (Section 344 of the Finance and Art. 6 of DM 19 February) up to a maximum amount of 100,000 € • the wrapping of existing buildings (Section 345 of the Finance and Art. 7 of DM 19 February) to maximum amount of 60,000 €, ie - spoke for greater insulation of opaque vertical closure to the values \u200b\u200bgiven in Appendix-D for replacements of windows including frames • work to install solar panels in existing buildings (Section 346 of the Finance and Art. 8 of DM 19 February) up to a maximum amount equal to 60,000 € • interventions for the replacement of air space heating in existing buildings (Section 347 of the Finance and Art. 8 of DM 19 February) up to a maximum amount of 30,000 €. The formalities and documentation to be submitted for each of these interventions in order to obtain the deduction is described in Art. 4 of Decree 19 February 2007, and consists of: • a certified affidavit of compliance stating that the requirements in Articles 6, 7, 8 and 9 depending on the type of interventions • documents to be transmitted through the website www ENEA . acs.enea.it, namely: - copies of energy performance certificates, if they are present certification systems identified by region, province or autonomous local authorities, ovvero copia dell’Attestato di Qualificazione Energetica così come riportato nell’Allegato A – scheda informativa relativa agli interventi realizzati Allegato E• pagamento delle spese sostenute mediante bonifico bancario o postale “dal quale risulti la causale del versamento, il codice fiscale del beneficiario della detrazione ed il numero di partita IVA, ovvero, il codice fiscale del soggetto a favore del quale il bonifico è effettuato“ (art. 4 comma 1 lett. c DM 19 febbraio 2007)• conservare la documentazione di cui sopra ai fini degli accertamenti da parte degli uffici finanziari.L’asseverazione dell’intervento può coincidere con l’Attestato di qualificazione energetica dell’edificio as implemented, certified by the Director of Works. So, in order to obtain the deduction of 55% must be respect for the legalization of the minimum requirements of the DM 19 February 2007, by: • sworn report by a qualified professional qualification certificate • energy in art. 8 paragraph 2 of legislative decree 192/05 by the Director legalization of work, corresponding to what is contained in Annex A of this Decree; • certification by the manufacturer, in the case of replacement windows and replacement of the generator. The Qualification Certificate Energetics, Annex A, provides for any type of surgery, is indicated in the results: • the requirement primary energy for space heating (kWh / year) • the index of energy performance for space heating your building (or kWh/m2/year kWh/m3/anno) • the relevant limit value index provide energy for winter heating limit your building (or kWh/m2anno kWh/m3anno). You must bring to each type of intervention? The requirements identified article 4 of the decree provide for the purposes of the affidavit of assistance, to use the certification of producers, but for the purpose of communication is necessary to identify and compile ENEA the Qualification Certificate for each Energy intervention, and then determine the values \u200b\u200babove. In the case of upgrading the energy efficiency of the qualified professional affidavit shows the values \u200b\u200bof EP and coincides with the calculations required for the project. For other measures, allowed the deduction does not necessarily need to perform the calculation of energy performance, but you must bring these values \u200b\u200btherein. How do you calculate these values? Among the methods for assessing the energy performance of the decree refers to Annex B for a simplified procedure particularly suitable for the assessment, as detailed in note 25 of Annex A. The simplified procedure of Annex B proves useful especially for: • any replacements of windows, where you can make the certification by the manufacturer • work on the building envelope where calculations and asserts only the transmittance of the wall • solar panels made in self-certified system components for the interventions relating to the installation of solar panels, especially if integrated with the existing heating system, or replacement of air conditioning equipment for proper planning is well run the project and the related calculations. If the features do not make intervention necessary to run a project you can still use the simplified method to calculate the values \u200b\u200bmentioned in the certificate of qualification Energy. Description Annex B simplified DM 19 February 2007 simplified calculation procedure for obtaining a value greater than the limits set by law and is applicable only for the purposes of the application of deductions of 55% for interventions under the Ministerial Decree of February 19 2007.L ' process of the calculation procedure includes: 1) the determination of the thermal zone based on the type of facility and the calculation of the dispersant on the surface of the gross floor area and volume 2) the determination of thermal transmittance of opaque and transparent closures vertical and horizontal bounding surface dispersant 3) la determinazione della trasmittanza globale dell’edificio Ug, e della trasmittanza globale limite dell’edificio Uglim, e il coefficiente correttivo dimensionale CCtrasm4) la determinazione del rendimento termico utile alla potenza nominale del generatore di calore installato (dalla targa del generatore di calore), il rendimento minimo missibile ηlim, e il coefficiente correttivo dimensionale CCimp 5) la determinazione del coefficiente correttivo dimensionale CCglob. e dell’indice di prestazione energetica per la climatizzazione invernale EPi,c da attribuire all’edificio e riportare sull’Attestato di Qualificazione Energetica espresso in kWh/anno in kWh/m2/anno (o kWh/m3/anno), in base al valore dell’EP limit set out in Annex C depending on the intended use, by interpolation. Determination of surface area and thermal dispersant
The thermal zone is determined by the type of the heating system: centralized or autonomous. In the case of the autonomous system thermal zone coincides with the real estate unit. In the case of the centralized system thermal zone coincides with the whole building or part of a building served by Central. The surface area of \u200b\u200bthermal dispersants are calculated to the center of the closure of the border (closed vertical or horizontal). The surfaces are calculated for full vacuum. For the purposes of calculating the overall transmittance is useful to divide surfaces dispersants according to the stratigraphy or construction technology. The floor area is the sum of the functional areas of individual rooms, as measured at the net. The gross volume is calculated before closing boundary thermal zone air conditioning. The ratio S / V, under which follow interpolation to determine the corresponding value of the EP limit is the ratio between surface and dispersing Gross air-conditioned. Determination of the transmittance of the walls and the values \u200b\u200band Ug Uglim The calculation of the transmittance of opaque and transparent closures U can determine: • the values \u200b\u200breturned in the technical report if this ex-law 10/91 • according to the schedule delle strutture allegato alla Raccomandazione CTI R 03/3 Appendice A • mediante il calcolo secondo la norma UNI EN ISO 6946 “Componenti e elementi per edilizia - Resistenza termica e trasmittanza termica - Metodo di calcolo” conoscendo la stratigrafia delle chiusure opache e secondo la UNI EN ISO 10077-1 “Prestazione termica di finestre, porte e chiusure - Calcolo della trasmittanza termica - Metodo semplificato” per le chiusure trasparenti, e conoscendo le caratteristiche termofisiche dei prodotti o ricavandole dalla normativa UNI. La trasmittanza media globale propria dell’edificio si calcola secondo la formula: con S = area della superficie disperdente delimitante la zona termica U = valore della trasmittanza termica relativa alla dispersing surface. The transmittance of the building limit global average is calculated using the formula: S = surface area thermal dispersant delimiting the area A, lim = limit value of thermal transmittance dispersant on the surface as derived from Tables 2, 3 and 4 of Annex C of Legislative Decree 192/05. The correction factor is given by CCtrasm: Determination of the dimensionless correction factor for the plants to determine the correction factor on CCimp you need to know: • the useful thermal output power rating of the heater to service the building, by reading the label of ' equipment installed, the boiler or return value caldaia.Il Useful heating (η) refers to the value of Pn (kW) and expressed as a percentage • Useful heating efficiency is determined by the value of the boiler using the formula: = 90 + 2log ηlim logPn where Pn is the log 10 of the power Nominal working of the single generator. In the case where one PN generator greater than 400 kW shall apply the maximum value corresponding to 400 kW or 95.20%. From these values \u200b\u200bwe can obtain the correction coefficient value CCimp, according to the formula: Determination of energy performance for space heating (EP i, c) be assigned values \u200b\u200ball'edificioDai CCtrasm CCimp and determines the overall value of the coefficient correction building-system, given by: CCgl = CCtrasm CCimp • Next you need to calculate the index value for energy efficiency EPlim the table in Annex C, with interpolation based on S / V and levels day building of the resort. For interpolation we use the following procedure: • The table shows the values \u200b\u200bof degree days indicated as A, B, C and D the corresponding values \u200b\u200bfrom the table in Annex C kWh/m2/year GG1 and GG2, and the values \u200b\u200bof degree days limit of the climatic zone. The data are known the value of GGL degree days relative to the location the value of S / V. For the interpolation must occur before the interpolation between the GG to find values \u200b\u200bof X and Y, and after interpolation between X and Y to obtain the corresponding value according to the ratio S / V. This value is to be reported in the certificate of qualification energy. Once the value obtained by interpolation of EPlim you can determine the value of the energy performance of EPI, c using the formula: EPI, c = CCglob • EPI lim kWh/m2/year due in the building and report on 'Certificate of Qualification energy. To determine the value of primary energy for space heating can increase the value of EPI, c for the floor space.

Ward's Ap Biology Lab #8

DRINKING WATER ANALYSIS-BUILDING AND FIRE-PREVENTION wells

SI ESEGUONO ANALISI CHIMICHE DELL'ACQUA POTABILE

- CONTROLLO ACQUA -DEPOSITATA NEI SERBATOI CONDOMINIALI D.LGS. N. 31/2001 - D.LGS. N. 27/2002

- PISCINE VERIFICA UNI

- POZZI ARTESIANI E VIDEOISPEZIONI CON VIDEOCAMERA AD INFRAROSSI

Verifica la potabilità dell'acqua del pozzo. Assistenza per denuncia Pozzo

Email: caso.gianfranco@virgilio.it

Principali parametri delle acque potabili

Le sostanze che si trovano disciolte nell'acqua sono sali che provengono dal naturale processo di dissoluzione dei minerali costituenti le rocce ed i suoli attraversati dall'acqua di origine piovana. Quest'acqua è povera di sostanze disciolte ma posseide un'azione "aggressiva" a causa dell'anidride carbonica raccolta dall'aria.I sali sono presenti come particelle cariche sia positive che negative (ioni). La tipologia di sali presenti dipende dal tipo di roccia attraversata e dal tempo di contatto. Le rocce calcaree (marmo, dolomite ecc.) cedono ioni bicarbonato, calcio, magnesio; le rocce contenenti gesso (solfato di calcio) cedono oltre al calcio anche lo ione solfato; gli ioni sodio e cloruro possono invece provenire da rocce contenenti cloruro di sodio. In certi casi il contenuto salino rimane pressoché costante nel tempo per qualità e quantità ed è tipico di quell'acqua.Gli ioni presenti nell'acqua sono importanti per gli organismi viventi le cui cellule svolgono le varie funzioni perché sono immerse in soluzioni saline a concentrazione costante; i sali assunti con l'acqua contribuiscono a mantenerle nel giusto equilibrio. L'acqua potabile è una soluzione di ioni (ione calcio, ione sodio, ione bicarbonato ecc..) in concentrazione ottimale; L'acqua distillata ad esempio è da considerare non potabile perché priva di sali disciolti, lo stesso vale per l'acqua piovana o di fusione della neve.Ma quale è il quantitativo ideale degli ioni nell'acqua potabile? Già da molti anni ci sono studi in proposito che hanno stabilito queste quantità. Dal punto di vista legislativo è stato definito, per molte delle sostanze che possono essere presenti nell'acqua, un valore limite o una "soglia di concentrazione" che non deve essere superata; se in un'acqua sono presenti uno o più composti in quantità superiore al valore limite, essa non presenta più i requisiti di potabilità. La contaminazione di un'acqua può avere cause naturali o derivare dall'attività dell'uomo collegata ad insediamenti urbani, industriali o agricoli-zootecnici.

Principali contaminanti chimici inorganici
Lo ione ammonio (NH4+) deriva principalmente delle deiezioni umane o animali dove è contenuto assieme all'urea risultante dal metabolismo delle proteine. La sua presenza nelle acque, specialmente in quelle sotterranee, è dovuta in alcuni casi a cause geologiche quali ad esempio la degradazione di materiale in via di fossilizzazione (resti di piante, giacimenti di torba, ecc.). Queste acque, con ione ammonio che può raggiungere valori elevati (5 - 10 mg/litro) ma pure dal un punto di vista microbiologico, possono essere considerate potabili se non ci sono alterazioni di altri parametri. Al contrario la sua presenza associata ad analisi microbiologiche sfavorevoli costituisce un sicuro indice di inquinamento da scarichi fognari o zootecnici. L'Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità e la legislazione vigente in altre nazioni non fissano no limit for this substance in drinking water because of its possible origin of "natural" and its negligible toxicity. But in Italy the law has introduced a limit value while classifying the ammonium ion among the "undesirable substances" and not among the "toxic substances".
Nitrite and nitrate can instead be produced in nature by oxidation of ammonium ion, or phenomena resulting from the use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture. The nitrate ion is in fact present as a component of highly soluble salts used as fertilizers, so it can move quickly into groundwater by leaching of agricultural soils. However, there are treatments for drinking water, technologically advanced and rather complex, for reducing the concentration of nitrites and nitrates until their total elimination.
The organoleptic characteristics (color, smell, taste and turbidity) of drinking water may be altered by natural substances. Groundwater is generally of poor and unable to keep dissolved oxygen, showing clear, iron and manganese in the form of "reduced" (ion "ferrous" and "manganous") even at concentrations exceeding the limit values. Underground water that contains iron and manganese in large quantities when it is brought to the surface is transformed in a short time (from minutes to several hours) in a solution turbid and yellowish looking uninviting. In practice, the contact with atmospheric oxygen changes the ionic form of these materials by "low" to "oxidized" (ion "ferric" and "manganite") and results in low solubility products. Thus we have the separation by precipitation of the yellow-colored slurry rust to black. Water with these characteristics do not present a health hazard, but it has undesirable features: an unpleasant metallic taste, can lead to corrosion of pipes and stain the laundry during washing. The aqueducts that draw water rich in iron and / or manganese have adequate facilities for the removal of these metalli.Un 'other substances of natural origin that frequently affect the quality drinking water can use the hydrogen sulfide (or hydrogen sulphide), a gas easily recognizable by the distinctive smell of rotten eggs. This substance is wrongly considered a sign of poor quality of drinking water are groundwater containing hydrogen sulfide very well from a microbiological point of view, and is known for many centuries, the therapeutic use of sulphurous water as drinks. The regulation of drinking water is expected that this substance is not present in ordinary drinking water because the odor is unpleasant and not recommended because it is taking for long periods. Hydrogen sulphide is easily removed for turbidity ossigenazione.La è un fattore che influenza frequentemente la qualità dell'acqua potabile: valori elevati possono essere dovuti a presenza di materiale argilloso oppure a idrossidi di ferro o alluminio, sostanze, queste ultime, usate nel processo di potabilizzazione delle acque superficiali e che possono erroneamente finire nella rete acquedottistica. Talvolta fenomeni di corrosione delle tubature danno luogo ad acque "rosse" per presenza di idrossido di ferro.
Tra i componenti inorganici che possono essere presenti nelle acque alcuni sono tossici: si tratta di quelli comunemente noti come "metalli pesanti" (cadmio, cromo, piombo, arsenico, mercurio, nichel, ecc.) pur rientrandovi anche elementi a basso peso atomico o che non manifestano proprietà tipicamente metalliche (arsenico e selenio).I metalli pesanti possono essere presenti in natura o derivare da attività umane. Mentre nel primo caso si trovano nelle rocce quasi sempre sotto forma di composti pochissimo solubili (ossidi, solfuri, ecc.), così che le acque circolanti solo raramente risultano contaminate da questi metalli, i metalli pesanti rilasciati nell'ambiente dalle attività umane non sono sempre in forma innocua. I metalli pesanti, data la loro tossicità, hanno una soglia di concentrazione ammessa molto bassa, generalmente dell'ordine dei microgrammi (milionesimi di grammo) per litro. Un metallo è tanto più tossico quanto più basso è il suo valore limite: talvolta è sufficiente una quantità small for any heavy metal to make water unfit for drinking: eg. are just 5 milligrams of cadmium per 1 cubic meter of water contamination, with the exception of copper and zinc than for their lower toxicity have higher limits.

Main
organic chemical contaminants include substances that can contaminate the waters there are numerous organic compounds. These are substances that contain carbon and which occur naturally but are also produced by human activity (the basis of the chemistry of plastics, wood, paper, petroleum and derivatives, solvents, paints). Scientific research continually invents di "nuovi" dalle proprietà tossicologiche sconosciute ed il cui destino, una volta immessi nell'ambiente, è incerto. Spesso si tratta di sostanze non degradabili o che impiegano tempi lunghissimi per decomporsi perché "sconosciute" ai microrganismi che operano la biodegradazione. Si ritiene che attualmente siano alcuni milioni le sostanze chimiche conosciute. Quelle effettivamente disponibili sul mercato sono circa 100.000 di cui circa 8000 tossiche e 200 ritenute cancerogene e sospette cancerogene; solo per 2100 prodotti sono stati individuati i rispettivi valori limite di tossicità. Ovviamente questi prodotti organici non sono tutti presenti contemporaneamente nell'ambiente: l'eventuale presenza in una zona è legato all'esistenza di industrie local production or use of individual products or product classes. Among the organic contaminants are found most frequently:
Trichloroethylene, Tetrachloroethylene and organohalogen compounds in general, the first two products are being used in laundries and in metal industries, water may also be encountered in other solvents (1,2 dichloropropane, methyl chloroform, etc. .) commonly used for degreasing mechanical parts.
hydrocarbons are components of gasoline and lubricating oils, spills of these substances in the soil can cause serious water pollution.
Aloformi (halogenated methane), and among these is the chloroform and other similar compounds. The presence of the aloformi drinking water (water systems) is not to be connected with the pollution of the territory: in most cases these substances are formed during some process of purification by chemical reaction of chlorine, used as a disinfectant, with natural organic substances of plant origin always in the water supply at the level of a few mg / L.

Main
microbiological contaminants are microorganisms (invisible to the naked eye) which, if ingested, can cause damage to the health of consumers. The diseases can be transmitted by water are quite numerous and are caused by various species of microorganisms (from largest to smallest): helminths, protozoa, fungi (mushrooms), bacteria and viruses. The most common pathogens in our climate are shown in the table below:
etiologic agents and diseases from ingestion of contaminated water
Classification
Pathology
Species
Helminths (worms)
Elminitiasi
Schistosoma (larva) Fasciola hepatic (larva) Taenia solium (eggs) Echinococcus (eggs)
Protozoa
amoebic dysentery
Entameba histolitica

Giardiasis Giardia intestinalis
Criptospridiosi
Cryptosporidium parvum

typhoid and paratyphoid bacteria Salmonella typhi and paratyphi
A and B +
Gastroenteritis
other Salmonella Shigella (various species) Yersinia enterocoliticaEscherichia coli (enteropathogenic) Campylobacter jejuni

Cholera Vibrio cholerae

Gastroenteritis Virus
AdenoirusEchovirusNorwalk virus

Hepatitis Hepatitis A, Hepatitis E
The drinking water in nature are increasingly rare, especially for microbiological contamination. Only the mountain springs, located in areas where human settlements are absent, can provide good security guarantees, but already the presence of wild animals can lead to phenomena of contamination of acque.E 'therefore not advisable to drink water because uncontrolled requirements do not apply as the purity, freshness and the isolation of the area to ensure the absence of risk. Even the water of deep wells, which should be better protected from pollution, does not always offer guarantee of purity, therefore, should be regularly monitored and appropriate use of drinking water treatment.

type of analysis recommended
A water can be declared fit for use only when drinking was analyzed from both the chemical and microbiological: no claim (the absence of turbidity, the sense of pleasantness, environmental isolation of the course or water source) is a sufficient reason to declare water "good" or risk-free. For the water distributed by waterworks the type of analytical control and frequency legge.Per supplies are dictated by the private, established that the uptake works have been made in a workmanlike manner, you should type bacteriological analysis. If this has a favorable outcome can be carried out chemical analysis of the basis for characterizing the type of water that used to be. If necessary, specific contaminants are to be sought in relation to environmental conditions: the presence of industry, agriculture ecc.Se the bacteriological examination yielded negative or you leave the resource or the chemical tests are also implemented to better decide on treatment of drinking water to run .